Resumen:
The first documented tests of tile vaults date from the end of the 18th century, and testing vaults became more and more frequent throughout the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. The beginning of testing coincided with the Enlightenment, a time when architects began to take a scientific approach to construction, which would lead to modern structural theory. For this reason, the first tests were also carried out in countries where Enlightenment thought began earlier, such as France and England.
With regard to tile vaults, a few more observations can be added:
-In the last years of the 18th century and during the 19th century, they experience an important development linked to the appearance of new types of buildings, especially factories for the new industries. Factory buildings had rigid requirements for size and shape, as well as serious fire problems due to the combustibility of machines and stored materials.
-During the 19th century, the use of cement as a binding material became widespread. The appearance of this new material was decisive in the development of tile vaults: compared to the plaster used up to that time, cement sets in a shorter time, and is not altered by h...