Lifestyle and cardiovascular risk in working young adults: insights from a nationwide Spanish cohort

dc.contributor.authorCastillo García, Adrián
dc.contributor.authorValenzuela Tallón, Pedro Luis
dc.contributor.authorSaco Ledo, Gonzalo
dc.contributor.authorCarrera Bastos, Pedro
dc.contributor.authorRuilope Urioste, Luis Miguel
dc.contributor.authorSantos Lozano, Alejandro
dc.contributor.authorLucía Mulas, Alejandro
dc.date.accessioned2025-02-05T13:18:42Z
dc.date.available2025-02-05T13:18:42Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.description.abstractIntroduction and objectives: This study aimed to describe the cardiovascular risk profile of working young adults from Spain and its association with lifestyle. Methods: Participants (18-30 years) were recruited from a nationwide cohort of economically active adults insured by a large occupational risk prevention company, with data obtained from routine medical assessments. The participants were categorized as having an "unhealthy" cardiovascular risk profile based on the presence of prediabetes/diabetes, prehypertension/hypertension, or hypercholesterolemia, or a "healthy" profile if these conditions were completely absent. The association with lifestyle factors (weight, physical activity, sleeping characteristics, alcohol consumption, smoking) was assessed. Results: A total of 78 421 young adults (27±2 years, 36% female) were evaluated at baseline. The "unhealthy" cardiovascular risk profile was prevalent (18%) and inversely associated (OR, 0.64; 95%CI, 0.57-0.80) with an optimal lifestyle (normal weight, regular physical activity, no drinking/smoking, and good sleep). The latter condition was found in only 3.5% of the participants. On the other hand, prospective analyses in 44 776 participants (median follow-up=2 [range 2-5] years) showed that 2.0% transitioned from a "healthy" to an "unhealthy" profile. Being physically active (OR, 0.95; 95%CI, 0.81-0.99) and having a normal weight (OR, 0.61; 95%CI, 0.51-0.70) were associated with a lower likelihood of this transition. No consistent associations were found for other lifestyle factors. Conclusions: The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors is high in economically active young Spanish adults. An unhealthy cardiovascular risk profile is inversely associated with an optimal lifestyle, but the latter is highly infrequent in this population.spa
dc.description.abstractIntroducción y objetivos El objetivo principal del presente estudio es describir el perfil de riesgo cardiovascular de jóvenes adultos españoles económicamente activos y su asociación con el estilo de vida. Métodos Los participantes (18-30 años) eran profesionales activos asegurados por una compañía de prevención de riesgos laborales (datos obtenidos de los reconocimientos médicos habituales). Su perfil de riesgo cardiovascular se clasificó como «no saludable» o «saludable» según la presencia o ausencia total de prediabetes/diabetes, prehipertensión/hipertensión o hipercolesterolemia. Se evaluaron las asociaciones con factores de estilo de vida (categoría de peso, actividad física, sueño, alcohol y tabaquismo). Resultados Se estudió a 78.421 jóvenes (edad, 27 ± 2 años, el 36% mujeres). El perfil «no saludable» fue prevalente (18%) y en asociación inversa (OR = 0,64; IC95%, 0,57-0,80) con un estilo de vida óptimo (peso normal, actividad física regular, sin alcohol/tabaquismo, buen descanso), si bien esta última condición solo la presentaba el 3,5% de los participantes. Además, se realizaron análisis prospectivos en 44.776 participantes (mediana de seguimiento, 2 [intervalo, 2-5] años): el 2,0% pasó de «saludable» a «no saludable» y ser físicamente activo (OR = 0,95; IC95%, 0,81-0,99) o tener un peso normal (OR = 0,61; IC95%, 0,51-0,70) mostró asociación inversa con esta transición; no se encontraron asociaciones consistentes con otros factores de estilo de vida. Conclusiones Hay una elevada prevalencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular en los jóvenes españoles económicamente activos. Un perfil no saludable de riesgo cardiovascular tiene asociación inversa con un estilo de vida óptimo, si bien esta última condición es muy infrecuente en esta población.spa
dc.description.filiationUEMspa
dc.description.impact7.2 Q1 JCR 2023spa
dc.description.impact1.991 Q1 SJR 2023spa
dc.description.impactNo data IDR 2023eng
dc.description.sponsorshipSin financiaciónspa
dc.identifier.citationCastillo-García, A., Valenzuela, P. L., Saco-Ledo, G., Carrera-Bastos, P., Ruilope, L. M., Santos-Lozano, A., & Lucia, A. (2024). Lifestyle and cardiovascular risk in working young adults: Insights from a nationwide Spanish cohort. Revista Española de Cardiología (English Edition), 77(10), 821-831. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rec.2024.02.006spa
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.rec.2024.02.006
dc.identifier.issn1885-5857
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11268/13631
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.peerreviewedSispa
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.rec.2024.02.006spa
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International*
dc.rights.accessRightsopen accessspa
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/*
dc.subject.otherEstilo de vidaspa
dc.subject.otherFactores de Riesgo de Enfermedad Cardiacaspa
dc.subject.otherAdulto jovenspa
dc.subject.sdgGoal 3: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages
dc.subject.unescoEstilo de vidaspa
dc.subject.unescoSaludspa
dc.subject.unescoInvestigación médicaspa
dc.titleLifestyle and cardiovascular risk in working young adults: insights from a nationwide Spanish cohorteng
dc.title.alternativeEstilo de vida y riesgo cardiovascular de jóvenes trabajadores: hallazgos en una cohorte de toda Españaspa
dc.typejournal articleeng
dspace.entity.typePublication
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationd3691359-d7bd-4a12-b84e-338e28c81f9f
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryd3691359-d7bd-4a12-b84e-338e28c81f9f

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