Device-Measured Sleep Characteristics, Daily Step Count, and Cardiometabolic Health Markers: Findings From the Prospective Physical Activity, Sitting, and Sleep (ProPASS) Consortium

Abstract

Sleep and physical activity (PA) are important lifestyle-related behaviors that impact cardiometabolic health. This study investigated the joint associations of daily step count and sleep patterns (regularity and duration) with cardiometabolic biomarkers in adults through a cross-sectional study using pooled data from the Prospective PA, Sitting, and Sleep Consortium, comprising 6 cohorts across Europe and Australia with thigh-worn accelerometry data collected between 2011 and 2021. The sleep regularity index, a metric that quantifies day-to-day sleep consistency, sleep duration (h/d), and steps (per day), was derived from the accelerometer data and categorized based on tertiles and sleep duration guidelines. The multivariate generalized linear models examine joint associations of sleep patterns and total daily step count with individual cardiometabolic biomarkers, including body mass index, waist circumference, total cholesterol, HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol, triglycerides, HbA1c (glycated hemoglobin), and a composite cardiometabolic health score (mean of the 6 standardized biomarker Z scores).