Satisfacción en puérperas de bajo riesgo: obstetra frente a matrona
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Pérez Martínez, Eva
Velasco Vázquez, Diego
Pacheco Ardila, Francisca
Gallego Lastra, Ramón del
Sebastián Viana, Tomás
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Abstract
Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la satisfacción percibida por las puérperas de bajo riesgo en el momento del alta hospitalaria según hubiesen sido atendidas por obstetras o matronas.
Material y método: Estudio cuasi-experimental de dos grupos sin
asignación aleatoria. Se diseñó un cuestionario telefónico formado por
ocho preguntas tipo Likert, que fue utilizado con puérperas atendidas
en el Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, a las que se realizó la encuesta entre mayo y junio de 2014. Considerando que un 70% de las
encuestas tendrían respuestas positivas, con una precisión absoluta del
10% y un intervalo de confianza del 95%, se calcularon 71 casos necesarios. La fiabilidad se evaluó tanto por la consistencia interna (índice
alfa de Cronbach) como con el procedimiento test-retest mediante el índice kappa y el coeficiente de correlación intraclase.
Resultados: El cuestionario resultó fiable y con una elevada consistencia
interna. Se pasó la encuesta telefónica a una muestra aleatoria de 80 mujeres del grupo control (atendidas por ginecólogos) y 80 del grupo de intervención (atendidas por matronas). Se obtuvieron mejores puntuaciones
en las mujeres atendidas por matronas, con diferencias estadísticamente
significativas en algunos de los ítems valorados, como en la recomendación global del hospital, al que contestaron favorablemente las 80 mujeres atendidas por matronas (100%) frente a 74 atendidas por obstetras
(92,5%) (p= 0,028), en la identificación de los profesionales (p <0,001) y
en la información sobre signos y síntomas de alarma (p= 0,028).
Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the perceived satisfaction of puerperal women with low risk of hospital discharge as they had been attended by obstetricians or midwives. Methods: Quasi experimental study of two groups without random assignment. A telephone questionnaire was designed consisting of eight Likert-type questions that were used with puerperal patients attended at the Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, where the survey was conducted between May and June 2014. Considering that 70% of the surveys would have positive responses with an absolute precision of 10% and a 95% confidence level, 71 cases were calculated. The telephone survey was passed to a random sample of 80 women in the control group (care by gynecologists) and 80 in the intervention group (care by midwives). Reliability was assessed both at internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) and with test-retest using kappa index and intraclass correlation coefficient. Results: The questionnaire was reliable and with high internal consistency. Higher scores were obtained in women attended by midwives, with these differences being statistically significant in some of the items evaluated, as in the hospital’s overall recommendation, where the 80 women attended by midwives (100%) responded favorably to 74 midwives attended by obstetricians (92.5%) (p= 0.028), in the identification of professionals (p <0.001) or in information on signs and symptoms of alarm (p= 0.028).
Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the perceived satisfaction of puerperal women with low risk of hospital discharge as they had been attended by obstetricians or midwives. Methods: Quasi experimental study of two groups without random assignment. A telephone questionnaire was designed consisting of eight Likert-type questions that were used with puerperal patients attended at the Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, where the survey was conducted between May and June 2014. Considering that 70% of the surveys would have positive responses with an absolute precision of 10% and a 95% confidence level, 71 cases were calculated. The telephone survey was passed to a random sample of 80 women in the control group (care by gynecologists) and 80 in the intervention group (care by midwives). Reliability was assessed both at internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) and with test-retest using kappa index and intraclass correlation coefficient. Results: The questionnaire was reliable and with high internal consistency. Higher scores were obtained in women attended by midwives, with these differences being statistically significant in some of the items evaluated, as in the hospital’s overall recommendation, where the 80 women attended by midwives (100%) responded favorably to 74 midwives attended by obstetricians (92.5%) (p= 0.028), in the identification of professionals (p <0.001) or in information on signs and symptoms of alarm (p= 0.028).
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Bibliographic reference
Pérez Martínez, E., Velasco Vázquez, D., Pacheco Ardila, F., Gallego Lastra, R., y Sebastián Viana, T. (2017). Satisfacción en puérperas de bajo riesgo: obstetra frente a matrona. Matronas Profesión, 18(3), 106-114.


