Basal glycaemia and glycosilated hemoglobine as a predictors of type 2 diabetes mellitus development

Abstract

Objective:

The diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (TDM2) is based either on the plasmatic glycaemia or on HbA1c criteria. Our purpose was to compare the prognostic value of both determinations to identify subjects at increased risk of developing TDM2.

Design and method:

Observational, longitudinal study of a cohort of patients with an increased risk of T2DM, based on the presence of one of the following criteria: essential hypertension, obesity (BMI > = 30 kg/m2) or a 1st degree relative with TDM2. Routine analysis, including HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose, were obtained at baseline and subsequently every six months. The diagnosis of TDM2 was established according to standard criteria.

Results:

206 patients were included. Basal clinical characteristics are showed at table 1. During 17.5 months of mean follow-up 18 patients eventually developed T2DM (58,25 cases /1000 patients /year). In a Cox survival analysis, adjusted for the main clinical and analytical variables, only basal glycaemia and HbA1c resulted as independent predictors of T2DM development (table 2).

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Conclusions:

In our population with an increased risk of T2DM, including 92% of hypertensive patients, only basal glycaemia and HbA1c were independent predictors of the new onset of T2DM. HbA1c should be included in the routine evaluation of these patients.