Resumen:
Stress is regulated by the autonomous nervous system, increasing the sympathetic modulation when a threat is perceived. A multifactorial response usually leads to significant behavioural modifications and alterations on homeostasis and physical and psychological status. Moreover, stress is an emotional response that can lead to psychosocial and psychophysiological adversity.
Regarding military population, military operations and combat exposure are important stressors that influence acute and chronic
stress response in soldiers, affecting their performance and health. A bibliographic search was carried out between April and May 2019, focusing on recent studies (2013–2019) that analysed psychophysiological response, stress, stress regulation, heart rate, heart
rate variability, and posttraumatic stress disorder in military population. Autonomic and cardiovascular chronic stress seems to be
modulated by experience and previous specific training of each military unit. Physical exercise, music embedded with binaural
beat technology, bidirectional sensory motor rhythm training, heart rate variability biofeedback, and transcutaneous vagal nerve
stimulation are the main techniques applied to balan...