Resumen:
Background: In previous studies, ultra-endurance performance has been associated with
training and psychological variables. However, performance under extreme conditions is understudied, mainly due to difficulties in making field measures. Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze
the role of training, hydration, nutrition, oral health status, and stress-related psychological factors in
athletes’ performance in ultra-endurance mountain events. Methods: We analyzed the variables of
race time and training, hydration state, nutrition, oral health status, and stress-related psychological
factors in 448 ultra-endurance mountain race finishers divided into three groups according to race
length (less than 45 km, 45–90 km, and greater than 90 km), using a questionnaire. Results: Higher
performance in ultra-endurance mountain races was associated with better oral health status and
higher accumulative altitude covered per week as well as higher positive accumulative change of
altitude per week during training. In longer distance races, experience, a larger volume of training,
and better hydration/nutrition prior to the competition were associated with better performance.
Conclusions: Ultra-endur...