Resumen:
Objectives: This study set out to make antibiograms of positive bacteria cultures in samples collected when performing maxillary sinus elevations to determine a specific and effective antibiotic in each case.
Material and methods: A total of 174 patients (90 women and 84 men) with a mean age of 55.92 years underwent 227 sinus elevations. As the membrane was lifted, a sample was collected from the maxillary sinus floor with a cotton swab and placed on a blood agar and chocolate agar culture to incubate for 48 h at 37°; the samples then underwent microbiological analysis. Antibiograms were made for each positive culture to identify the most sensitive antibiotic, which were regrouped according to their mechanism of action as: beta-lactam (penicillins), beta-lactam (cephalosporins), macrolides, quinolones, fosfomycin, aminoglycosides, or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
Results: Of 227 cultures, 18.1% were bacteria-positive. Of the germs, 45% were of the Streptococcus genus, most of which belonged to the Streptococcus viridans group (61.1%). The germs studied showed greater resistance to macrolides and greater sensitivity to penicillins, cephalosporins, and ciprofloxacin. The antibiotics that sho...