Sex-related differences in core muscle morphology and activation in amateur CrossFit® athletes: An ultrasound imaging study

Abstract

CrossFit® is a high-intensity functional training modality that integrates resistance exercises, weightlifting, and aerobic conditioning. Core musculature plays a critical role in ensuring spinal stability, force transmission, and injury prevention. Males showed greater core muscle thickness, while females exhibited a higher activation capacity in the TrAb. These findings suggest sex-specific adaptations in core musculature, which have implications for tailored training and injury prevention strategies in CrossFit® athletes.