Between development and control: State-sponsored emigration under Francoist rule

Abstract

This paper examines assisted emigration policies under Francoist rule (1939–1975) and assesses the extent to which emigration served regime survival. Using provincial-level data between 1964 and 1976, the study investigates whether the Spanish Emigration Institute (IEE), created in 1956, employed emigration as a safety valve for unemployment and political dissent.