Eficacia del láser de diodo como terapia coadyuvante en el tratamiento no quirúrgico de la mucositis perimplantaria. Estudio clínico controlado aleatorizado
Loading...
Identifiers
Publication date
Authors
Sánchez Martos, Rebeca
Advisors
Editors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
Introducción:
La mucositis periimplantaria es una complicación frecuente en implantología. El
tratamiento más empleado es el desbridamiento mecánico que, aunque eficaz, presenta limitaciones a largo plazo. El objetivo de esta tesis fue analizar la eficacia del láser de diodo como terapia coadyuvante en el tratamiento no quirúrgico de la mucositis
periimplantaria, mediante variables clínicas e inmunológicas.
Material y método
Ensayo clínico aleatorizado, paralelo y prospectivo con 12 meses de seguimiento. Los pacientes fueron asignados al grupo control (desbridamiento mecánico) y experimental (desbridamiento más láser de diodo). Se registraron variables clínicas: índice de placa (IP, %), sangrado al sondaje (SS, %), profundidad de sondaje (PS, mm); e inmunológicas: volumen de fluido crevicular periimplantario (FCPI, μL) y concentración de metaloproteinasa-8 (MMP-8, ng/mL). Las variables clínicas se evaluaron en basal (T0), 4–6 semanas (T1), 3 meses (T2), 6 meses (T3) y 12 meses (T4); las inmunológicas en T0 y T1.
Resultados:
El IP se redujo significativamente en ambos grupos, con diferencias favorables al grupo experimental en T1 (p<0,001) y T4 (p=0,025). El SS mostró reducciones mayores en el grupo experimental en todos los seguimientos (T1–T4, p<0,001). La PS disminuyó en ambos grupos, con diferencias significativas para grupo experimental en T2, T3 y T4 (p<0,05). En las variables inmunológicas, el volumen de FCPI se redujo significativamente en el grupo experimental en T1 (p<0,001). El recuento de MMP-8 también disminuyó en el grupo experimental en T1, pero no de forma estadísticamente significativa (p>0,05).
Conclusiones:
La aplicación coadyuvante del láser de diodo obtuvo mayores reducciones de IP, SS y PS, así como una mejora temprana en el volumen de FCPI, aunque sin diferencias significativas en el recuento total de MMP-8.
Introduction: Peri-implant mucositis is a common complication in implantology. Mechanical debridement is the standard treatment; however, its long-term effectiveness is limited. This thesis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of diode laser as an adjunctive therapy in the non-surgical management of peri-implant mucositis using clinical and immunological variables. Materials and methods A 12-month prospective, parallel, randomized clinical trial was conducted. Patients were assigned to a control group (mechanical debridement) or an experimental group (mechanical debridement plus diode laser). Clinical parameters recorded included plaque index (PI, %), bleeding on probing (BOP, %), and probing depth (PD, mm); immunological variables included peri-implant crevicular fluid volume (PICF, μL) and matrix metalloproteinase-8 concentration (MMP-8, ng/mL). Clinical variables were assessed at baseline (T0), 4–6 weeks (T1), 3 months (T2), 6 months (T3), and 12 months (T4), whereas immunological variables were measured at T0 and T1. Results: PI decreased significantly in both groups, with the experimental group showing greater improvements at T1 (p<0.001) and T4 (p=0.025). BOP reductions were consistently higher in the experimental group across all follow-ups (T1–T4, p<0.001). PD decreased in both groups, with significant differences favoring the experimental group at T2, T3, and T4 (p<0.05). Regarding immunological outcomes, PICF volume was significantly reduced in the experimental group at T1 (p<0.001). MMP-8 levels also decreased in the experimental group at T1, although not significantly (p>0.05). Conclusions: Adjunctive diode laser therapy resulted in greater reductions in PI, BOP, and PD, and an early improvement in PICF volume, although no significant differences were observed in total MMP-8 levels.
Introduction: Peri-implant mucositis is a common complication in implantology. Mechanical debridement is the standard treatment; however, its long-term effectiveness is limited. This thesis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of diode laser as an adjunctive therapy in the non-surgical management of peri-implant mucositis using clinical and immunological variables. Materials and methods A 12-month prospective, parallel, randomized clinical trial was conducted. Patients were assigned to a control group (mechanical debridement) or an experimental group (mechanical debridement plus diode laser). Clinical parameters recorded included plaque index (PI, %), bleeding on probing (BOP, %), and probing depth (PD, mm); immunological variables included peri-implant crevicular fluid volume (PICF, μL) and matrix metalloproteinase-8 concentration (MMP-8, ng/mL). Clinical variables were assessed at baseline (T0), 4–6 weeks (T1), 3 months (T2), 6 months (T3), and 12 months (T4), whereas immunological variables were measured at T0 and T1. Results: PI decreased significantly in both groups, with the experimental group showing greater improvements at T1 (p<0.001) and T4 (p=0.025). BOP reductions were consistently higher in the experimental group across all follow-ups (T1–T4, p<0.001). PD decreased in both groups, with significant differences favoring the experimental group at T2, T3, and T4 (p<0.05). Regarding immunological outcomes, PICF volume was significantly reduced in the experimental group at T1 (p<0.001). MMP-8 levels also decreased in the experimental group at T1, although not significantly (p>0.05). Conclusions: Adjunctive diode laser therapy resulted in greater reductions in PI, BOP, and PD, and an early improvement in PICF volume, although no significant differences were observed in total MMP-8 levels.
Description
“Tesis inédita presentada en la Universidad Europea de Madrid. Escuela de Doctorado e Investigación. Programa de Doctorado en Biomedicina y Ciencias de la Salud”
UNESCO Subjects
Keywords
Bibliographic reference
Sánchez Martos, R. (2026). Eficacia del láser de diodo como terapia coadyuvante en el tratamiento no quirúrgico de la mucositis periimplantaria: Estudio clínico controlado aleatorizado. [Tesis doctoral, Universidad Europea de Madrid]. ABACUS Repositorio de Producción Científica. https://hdl.handle.net/11268/16975







