Letizia Battaglia, valiente, paciente y silenciada durante décadas: heroína de la lente mágica
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Flaiano (Pescara, 1910—Roma, 1972), guionista y crítico cinematográfico —La dolce vita (Federico Fellini, 1960)—, escribió: “Dentro de treinta años, Italia no será cómo la habrán hecho los gobiernos sino cómo la habrá hecho la televisión. En este país que amo no existe simplemente la verdad. Otros países tienenuna verdad. Nosotros tenemos infinitas versiones”.La reflexión de Flaiano cobra sentido por la manera en que los italianos han percibido y construido la realidad en las últimas décadas. Battaglia, mujer, fotógrafa de prensa, lúcida observadora de una sociedad podrida hasta las entrañas por el crimen organizado en la ciudad que la vio nacer, y en la que dio testimonio visual de las consecuencias de enfrenarse a la mafia, intuyó casi desde los inicios de su trabajo los efectos perversos de aquella en todos los aspectos que regían las vidas de millones de mujeres y hombres en un mundo de estructuras cerradas, patriarcales, conservadoras, ancladas en tradiciones y códigos imperceptibles, cuando no desconocidos para los foráneos. No tardó en comprender que la lucha contra la mafia dependía de la denuncia de sus actos y de una cabal comprensión de cómo había permeado y moldeado la mentalidad de instituciones, familias, individuos y de cómo los italianos habían llegado a asumir una distorsión de una realidad que no les definía en sus orígenes. Ella supo qué había que mostrar para empezar a desenmascarar, desterrar de las conciencias la inefabilidad de un fenómeno cuyo éxito dependió del temor y de la apropiación de las conciencias.
Flaiano (Pescara, 1910-Rome, 1972), screenwriter and film critic —La dolce vita (Federico Fellini, 1960)—, wrote: “in thirty years’ time, Italy will not be how the governments will have made it, but how television will have made it. In this country that I love, there is simply no such thing as truth. Other countries have one truth. We have infinite versions”.Flaiano's reflection makes sense in the light of the circumstances that have determined the way Italians have perceived and constructed reality in recent decades. Battaglia, a woman, a press photographer, a lucid observer of a society rotten to the core by organised crime in the city where she was born, and where she gave visual testimony of the consequences of confronting the Mafia, intuited almost from the beginning ofher work the perverse effects of the Mafia on all the aspects that governed the lives of millions of women and men in a world of closed, patriarchal, conservative structures, anchored in traditions and codes that were imperceptible, if not unknown to outsiders. It did not take her long to understand that the fight against the Mafia depended not only on denouncing its actions, but above all on a thorough understanding of how it had permeated and moulded the mentality of institutions, families, individuals, of how Italians had come to assume a distortion of a reality that did not define them in their origins. She knew what had to be shown in order to begin to unmask and banish from consciences the ineffability of a phenomenon whose success always depended as much on fear as on the appropriation of consciences.
Flaiano (Pescara, 1910-Rome, 1972), screenwriter and film critic —La dolce vita (Federico Fellini, 1960)—, wrote: “in thirty years’ time, Italy will not be how the governments will have made it, but how television will have made it. In this country that I love, there is simply no such thing as truth. Other countries have one truth. We have infinite versions”.Flaiano's reflection makes sense in the light of the circumstances that have determined the way Italians have perceived and constructed reality in recent decades. Battaglia, a woman, a press photographer, a lucid observer of a society rotten to the core by organised crime in the city where she was born, and where she gave visual testimony of the consequences of confronting the Mafia, intuited almost from the beginning ofher work the perverse effects of the Mafia on all the aspects that governed the lives of millions of women and men in a world of closed, patriarchal, conservative structures, anchored in traditions and codes that were imperceptible, if not unknown to outsiders. It did not take her long to understand that the fight against the Mafia depended not only on denouncing its actions, but above all on a thorough understanding of how it had permeated and moulded the mentality of institutions, families, individuals, of how Italians had come to assume a distortion of a reality that did not define them in their origins. She knew what had to be shown in order to begin to unmask and banish from consciences the ineffability of a phenomenon whose success always depended as much on fear as on the appropriation of consciences.
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Yébenes, P., y Álvarez, N. (2025). Letizia Battaglia, valiente, paciente y silenciada durante décadas: heroína de la lente mágica. Fotocinema. Revista Científica de Cine y Fotografía, 30, 127-151.






