Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease: A New Situation of an Old Known Disease

Abstract

Epizootic hemorrhagic disease is a strongly seasonal noncontagious infectious viral disease transmitted by small biting mosquitoes of the Culicoides species, which affects domestic and wild ruminants, primarily white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), and cattle. White-tailed deer are the most severely affected species, with the hyperacute form having a high mortality rate. It can also affect fallow deer and roe deer. In cattle, although it usually causes moderate and self-limiting clinical sings, it can be more serious in some cases. Sheep, goats, and camelids may also be vulnerable to this virus, but usually do not develop disease.