Patrones fisiológicos y de rendimiento en ciclistas de diferentes categorías
Loading...
Identifiers
Publication date
Authors
Revuelta Parra, Carlos
Advisors
Editors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
El ciclismo es un deporte complejo y con gran arraigo global, con una particular repercusión en
España. Prueba de ello es el significativo aumento de licencias en nuestro país (pese a una
evidente brecha de género). Según la Unión Ciclista Internacional, son varias las disciplinas que
engloba este deporte, centrándose esta Tesis en el rendimiento de los ciclistas en carretera.
Los determinantes fisiológicos del rendimiento en ciclismo son, principalmente: el consumo máximo
de oxígeno, el umbral anaeróbico y la eficiencia. A pesar de que tradicionalmente se entienden
estos tres factores como los más determinantes, existen otros que tienen influencia sobre el
rendimiento y que deben ser también explicados y contextualizados. La curva de potencia (gracias a
la aparición de los potenciómetros en las últimas décadas) para evaluar el rendimiento en
diferentes rangos de tiempo y establecer zonas de entrenamiento específicas; la durabilidad, la
fuerza, las características antropométricas y el análisis de la carga interna y externa, son
factores que tienen relevancia en el análisis del rendimiento de los ciclistas.
Los ciclistas pueden clasificarse en cinco niveles de rendimiento en base a criterios fisiológicos
y de entrenamiento, además de por categorías de edad. Es importante identificar si existe una
combinación de indicadores de rendimiento de varios tipos que pueda reflejar el nivel del ciclista
y predecir el éxito futuro (o no) en categorías menores. La bibliografía expone que el rendimiento
en categorías menores no garantiza el éxito en categorías élite, mientras que parece que el
rendimiento en categorías sub23 puede ser un indicador potencial. Además, existen diferencias en
indicadores de rendimiento entre ciclistas de diferentes categorías de edad, y que éstos
evolucionan de diferente forma a lo largo de una temporada.
En esta Tesis Doctoral por compendio de artículos se pretende analizar la existencia de una
combinación de diferentes pruebas que puedan determinar el rendimiento en ciclistas; así como
comprobar si existen diferencias en esos test y sus asociaciones en diferentes categorías de edad.
Asimismo, se busca analizar la evolución de estos indicadores de rendimiento a lo largo de una
temporada en ciclistas junior. Por último, se analizó si una estrategia nutricional podría mejorar
esos indicadores de rendimiento. Más concretamente, se estudió la eficacia del uso de la creatina a
corto plazo y en altas dosis en el rendimiento y medidores de fatiga en
ciclistas profesionales.
Cycling is a complex sport with a strong global presence, particularly significant in Spain, as evidenced by the notable increase in licenses despite a gender gap. According to the International Cycling Union, this sport englobes several disciplines, with this Thesis focusing on road cycling performance. The physiological determinants of cycling performance are primarily: maximum oxygen consumption, anaerobic threshold, and efficiency. Although these three factors are traditionally understood to be the most crucial, there are other elements that influence performance and should also be explained and contextualized. The power curve (thanks to the emergence of power meters in recent decades) is used to evaluate performance across different time ranges and establish specific training zones; durability, strength, anthropometric characteristics, and the analysis of internal and external load are factors that are relevant in the analysis of cyclists' performance. Cyclists can be classified into five performance levels based on physiological and training criteria, in addition to age categories. It is important to identify if there is a combination of various performance indicators that can reflect the cyclist's level and predict future success (or lack thereof) in young cyclists. The literature indicates that performance in junior categories does not guarantee success in elite categories, but performance in the U23 category could be a potential indicator. Additionally, there are differences in performance indicators among cyclists of different age categories, and that those evolve differently throughout a season. This Doctoral Thesis by compilation of articles aims to analyze the existence of a combination of different test that can determine cyclist performance, as well as to explore differences in these test and their associations in different age categories. It also seeks to examine the evolution of these performance indicators throughout a season in junior cyclists. Finally, a nutritional strategy for performance indicators enhancement was analyzed. Specifically, the effectiveness of acute high-dose creatine use on performance and fatigue markers in professional cyclists was studied.
Cycling is a complex sport with a strong global presence, particularly significant in Spain, as evidenced by the notable increase in licenses despite a gender gap. According to the International Cycling Union, this sport englobes several disciplines, with this Thesis focusing on road cycling performance. The physiological determinants of cycling performance are primarily: maximum oxygen consumption, anaerobic threshold, and efficiency. Although these three factors are traditionally understood to be the most crucial, there are other elements that influence performance and should also be explained and contextualized. The power curve (thanks to the emergence of power meters in recent decades) is used to evaluate performance across different time ranges and establish specific training zones; durability, strength, anthropometric characteristics, and the analysis of internal and external load are factors that are relevant in the analysis of cyclists' performance. Cyclists can be classified into five performance levels based on physiological and training criteria, in addition to age categories. It is important to identify if there is a combination of various performance indicators that can reflect the cyclist's level and predict future success (or lack thereof) in young cyclists. The literature indicates that performance in junior categories does not guarantee success in elite categories, but performance in the U23 category could be a potential indicator. Additionally, there are differences in performance indicators among cyclists of different age categories, and that those evolve differently throughout a season. This Doctoral Thesis by compilation of articles aims to analyze the existence of a combination of different test that can determine cyclist performance, as well as to explore differences in these test and their associations in different age categories. It also seeks to examine the evolution of these performance indicators throughout a season in junior cyclists. Finally, a nutritional strategy for performance indicators enhancement was analyzed. Specifically, the effectiveness of acute high-dose creatine use on performance and fatigue markers in professional cyclists was studied.
Description
Tesis inédita presentada en la Universidad Europea de Madrid. Escuela de Doctorado e Investigación. Programa de Doctorado en Actividad Física y Deporte
UNESCO Subjects
Keywords
Bibliographic reference
Revuelta Parra, C. (2024). Patrones fisiológicos y de rendimiento en ciclistas de diferentes categorías. [Tesis doctoral, Universidad Europea de Madrid]. ABACUS Repositorio de Producción Científica. http://hdl.handle.net/11268/14163








