Análisis farmacoeconómico de una estrategia de mantenimiento con lopinavir/ritonavir como monoterapia en pacientes con infección por el VIH
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Escobar, Ismael
Pulido, Federico
Pérez, Esther
Arribas, José R.
García, María del Pilar
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Nuestro objetivo era hacer un análisis farmacoeconómico del coste y la eficacia del tratamiento con lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) en monoterapia tras inducir respuesta virológica con triple terapia que incluye LPV/r. El análisis farmacoeconómico se realiza desde la perspectiva del Sistema Público de Salud. Se realizó un análisis del coste y la eficacia del ensayo clínico piloto en fase IV-II, comparativo, aleatorizado y multicéntrico abierto en el que se evaluó la eficacia y la seguridad de la terapia de mantenimiento con LPV/r en monoterapia frente a la continuación de la terapia triple en pacientes infectados por el VIH que han mantenido la carga viral indetectable durante 6 meses. Para el análisis farmacoeconómico se definió eficacia como la proporción de pacientes con concentraciones de ARN del VIH en plasma < 50 copias/ml a las 48 semanas de iniciado el estudio. El análisis se realizó por intención de tratamiento. Los costes considerados son todos costes directos. Se calcularon los costes, la eficacia y la razón para cada alternativa de tratamiento. La relación del coste y la eficacia del tratamiento con LPV/r es de 5.186 euros por cada unidad de efecto alcanzado (paciente con concentraciones de ARN del VIH en plasma < 50 copias/ml a las 48 semanas), mientras que el mantenimiento con triple terapia tiene una relación entre el coste y la eficacia de 8.688 euros por unidad de efecto alcanzado. En conclusión, utilizar LPV/r como único tratamiento antirretroviral en el paciente con infección por el VIH tras inducir respuesta virológica con triple terapia que incluye lopinavir/ritonavir podría ser una alternativa más eficiente que mantener la triple terapia, al presentar una mejor relación entre el coste y la eficacia.
Our purpose was to conduct a cost-efficacy analysis of lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) monotherapy as a maintenance regimen following induction of virological response with triple therapy including LPV/r. The pharmacoeconomic analysis was performed from the perspective of the Spanish public health system. A cost-efficacy analysis was performed in a phase IV-II, comparative, randomized, multicenter, open-label clinical trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of maintenance therapy with LPV/r monotherapy versus continuation of triple therapy in HIV-infected patients with a persistently undetectable viral load for 6 months. For the pharmacoeconomic analysis, efficacy was defined as the proportion of patients with plasma HIV RNA concentrations < 50 copies/mL at 48 weeks from the start of the study. An intent-to-treat analysis was performed. Only direct costs were considered. Cost, efficacy and the cost-efficacy ratio were calculated for each treatment option. The cost-efficacy ratio of LPV/r maintenance monotherapy was 5186 euros per unit of achieved effect (patient with plasma HIV RNA concentrations < 50 copies/mL at 48 weeks), whereas maintenance with triple therapy had a cost-efficacy ratio of 8688 euros per unit of achieved effect. In conclusion, the option of LPV/r monotherapy as maintenance therapy in HIV-infected patients following induction of virological response with triple therapy including LPV/r might be a more efficient alternative than maintaining triple therapy, as evidenced by a more favorable cost-efficacy ratio.
Our purpose was to conduct a cost-efficacy analysis of lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) monotherapy as a maintenance regimen following induction of virological response with triple therapy including LPV/r. The pharmacoeconomic analysis was performed from the perspective of the Spanish public health system. A cost-efficacy analysis was performed in a phase IV-II, comparative, randomized, multicenter, open-label clinical trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of maintenance therapy with LPV/r monotherapy versus continuation of triple therapy in HIV-infected patients with a persistently undetectable viral load for 6 months. For the pharmacoeconomic analysis, efficacy was defined as the proportion of patients with plasma HIV RNA concentrations < 50 copies/mL at 48 weeks from the start of the study. An intent-to-treat analysis was performed. Only direct costs were considered. Cost, efficacy and the cost-efficacy ratio were calculated for each treatment option. The cost-efficacy ratio of LPV/r maintenance monotherapy was 5186 euros per unit of achieved effect (patient with plasma HIV RNA concentrations < 50 copies/mL at 48 weeks), whereas maintenance with triple therapy had a cost-efficacy ratio of 8688 euros per unit of achieved effect. In conclusion, the option of LPV/r monotherapy as maintenance therapy in HIV-infected patients following induction of virological response with triple therapy including LPV/r might be a more efficient alternative than maintaining triple therapy, as evidenced by a more favorable cost-efficacy ratio.
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Escobar, I., Pulido, F., Pérez, E., Arribas, J. R., García, M. P., & Hernando, A. (2006). Análisis farmacoeconómico de una estrategia de mantenimiento con lopinavir/ritonavir como monoterapia en pacientes con infección por el VIH. Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiología clínica, 24(8), 490-494.


