Generalización de las arquitecturas para el control y la vigilancia a partir del siglo XVIII. Estrategias espaciales para la supervisión de los actos y los cuerpos
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Carrasco Hidalgo, Francisco
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El conjunto de cambios que se produjeron
a lo largo del siglo XVIII en Europa dentro
del movimiento de la Ilustración supuso una
serie de modificaciones que afectaron a todos
los ámbitos de la sociedad, y que, en general,
buscaban otorgar un papel central a la ciencia
como medio para garantizar el progreso.
La arquitectura no escapó a este proceso, y,
debido a la extensión de este positivismo y
a los cambios que se estaban introduciendo
en los sistemas económicos, productivos y
sociales, el diseño de los espacios se establece
en este momento como una de las estrategias
de control y perpetuación de las relaciones
de poder predominantes, reemplazando
de esta manera a la violencia y los castigos
públicos. La extensión de este conjunto de
estrategias comenzó con la prisión como tipo,
pero rápidamente se propagó a otros tipos de
arquitecturas productivas, como las escuelas,
las fábricas o los hospitales, y desde allí inició
un proceso progresivo de desmaterialización
que centra su actuación en diseño urbano
y, con el advenimiento de las tecnologías
digitales, en la ciudad en un sentido general.
The series of changes occurred during the 18th century in Europe as part of the Enlightenment, resulted in some modifications that affected all the spheres of society, trying to establish science as the main tool to guarantee human progress. Architecture didn’t scape to this process, and due to the spread of positivism, and the changes that were being introduced in the economical, productive and social systems, the design of spaces is highlighted as one of the main strategies to ensure control and power exhibition, replacing violence and public punishments. The spread of this kit of strategies started with the typology of the jail, but it quickly propagated itself to many other productive architectures such as schools, factories or hospitals, and from there a progressive dematerialisation took place focusing of urban design and, thanks to the appearance of digital technologies, on cities as a whole.
The series of changes occurred during the 18th century in Europe as part of the Enlightenment, resulted in some modifications that affected all the spheres of society, trying to establish science as the main tool to guarantee human progress. Architecture didn’t scape to this process, and due to the spread of positivism, and the changes that were being introduced in the economical, productive and social systems, the design of spaces is highlighted as one of the main strategies to ensure control and power exhibition, replacing violence and public punishments. The spread of this kit of strategies started with the typology of the jail, but it quickly propagated itself to many other productive architectures such as schools, factories or hospitals, and from there a progressive dematerialisation took place focusing of urban design and, thanks to the appearance of digital technologies, on cities as a whole.
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Carrasco Hidalgo, F. (2020). Generalización de las arquitecturas para el control y la vigilancia a partir del siglo XVIII. Estrategias espaciales para la supervisión de los actos y los cuerpos. REIA: Revista Europea de Investigación en Arquitectura, (15),


