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Análisis de las variables emocionales y la tendencia a la ansiedad: un estudio comparativo entre estudiantes de primer y último curso de Grado en Enfermería en la Universidad Pontificia Comillas
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Cuéllar Marín, Lucía
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Ayuso Murillo, Diego
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Abstract
Introducción: Las habilidades para reconocer, comprender y gestionar las emociones pueden
influir positivamente en el bienestar psicológico de los estudiantes universitarios. En
el contexto del alumnado de Grado en Enfermería, la inteligencia emocional emerge
como un factor preventivo para la salud mental de los estudiantes.
Se sugiere que un mayor desarrollo de la inteligencia emocional puede contribuir a
la reducción de la ansiedad, mejorando la capacidad de afrontar situaciones
estresantes durante la formación académica. Integrar la educación emocional en el
plan de estudios de los estudiantes de enfermería podría ser una estrategia valiosa
para fortalecer el equilibrio emocional en los futuros profesionales de enfermería.
Objetivo
El objetivo de este estudio fue describir el comportamiento de las variables
emocionales y la tendencia a la ansiedad de los estudiantes de primer y último curso
académico de Grado en Enfermería de la Universidad Pontificia Comillas.
Metodología
Considerando el propósito de este estudio, se llevó a cabo una investigación de tipo
descriptivo comparativo y transversal en estudiantes que cursaban primer y cuarto
curso de Grado en Enfermería en la Escuela Universitaria de Enfermería y Fisioterapia
San Juan de Dios, perteneciente a la Universidad Pontificia Comillas, durante el
periodo académico 2022-2023.
Resultados
Los resultados muestran diferencias entre primer y cuarto curso en la atención y la
reparación emocional. Los resultados de la prueba no paramétrica mostraron que existían diferencias
significativas entre cursos en la variable atención (p=0,024) y en la variable
reparación (p=0,036). La variable claridad no mostró diferencias significativas entre
cursos (p=0,170).
Además, en los estudiantes de primero se observa una correlación entre las variables
emocionales, atención, claridad y reparación y la ansiedad estado. La correlación fue
significativa en la variable atención categorizada tanto para la ansiedad estado
(p=0,021) como para la ansiedad rasgo (p<0,011), encontrando entre las variables
una correlación baja. Para la variable claridad categorizada se observó una
correlación moderada (p=0,347) entre claridad categorizada y la ansiedad estado. En
el análisis de la regulación emocional analizando la reparación categorizada se
observó una correlación moderada (p=0,430) entre la reparación emocional y la
ansiedad estado. No observándose en los estudiantes de cuarto curso. En los
estudiantes de cuarto curso se observa relación significativa (p=0,023), entre el
estado ansioso y la ansiedad como rasgos de personalidad.
Conclusiones
La explicación de las diferencias observadas en este estudio entre los estudiantes de
primer y último curso en relación con las variables emocionales estudiadas y el nivel
de ansiedad analizado podría derivarse de diversos factores vinculados al proceso de
maduración personal y de adaptación académica. La media de las variables de la
ansiedad es mayor en los estudiantes de enfermería que en la población general.
Tras el análisis realizado de las variables emocionales y la tendencia a la ansiedad se
concluye que es necesario entrenar las habilidades de manejo emocional para el
control de la ansiedad y el aumento de la inteligencia emocional en los estudiantes
de Grado en Enfermería de la Universidad Pontificia Comillas.
Introduction: The ability to recognize, understand, and manage emotions can positively influence the psychological well-being of university students. In the context of Nursing Degree students, emotional intelligence emerges as a preventive factor for the mental health of students. It is suggested that a greater development of emotional intelligence can contribute to reducing anxiety, improving the ability to cope with stressful situations during academic training. Integrating emotional education into the nursing students' curriculum could be a valuable strategy to strengthen emotional balance in future nursing professionals. Objective The objective of this study was to describe the behavior of emotional variables and the tendency to anxiety among first and final year Nursing Degree students at the Universidad Pontificia Comillas. Methodology Considering the purpose of this study, a comparative descriptive and cross-sectional investigation was carried out among students in the first and fourth years of the Escuela Universitaria de Enfermería y Fisioterapia San Juan de Dios, belonging to the Universidad Pontificia Comillas, during the 2022-2023 academic year. Results The results show differences between the first and fourth years in attention and emotional repair. The results of the non-parametric test showed that there were significant differences between courses in the attention variable (p=0,024) and in the repair variable (p=0,036). The clarity variable did not show significant differences between courses (p=0,170). Furthermore, in first-year students, a correlation is observed between emotional variables and state anxiety. The correlation was significant in the categorized attention variable for both state anxiety (p=0.021) and trait anxiety (p<0.011), with a low correlation between the variables. For the categorized clarity variable, a moderate correlation (p=0.347) was observed between categorized clarity and state anxiety. In the analysis of emotional regulation analyzing categorized repair, a moderate correlation (p=0.430) was observed between emotional repair and state anxiety. Which is not observed in fourth-year students. In fourth-year students, a relationship (p=0,023) is observed between anxious state and anxiety as personality traits. Conclusions The explanation for the differences observed in this study between first and final year students in relation to the studied emotional variables and anxiety could stem from various factors linked to the process of personal maturation and academic adaptation. The average of anxiety variables is higher in nursing students than in the general population. After analyzing emotional variables and the tendency towards anxiety, it is concluded that it is necessary to train emotional management skills to control anxiety and increase emotional intelligence in Nursing Degree students at the Universidad Pontificia Comillas.
Introduction: The ability to recognize, understand, and manage emotions can positively influence the psychological well-being of university students. In the context of Nursing Degree students, emotional intelligence emerges as a preventive factor for the mental health of students. It is suggested that a greater development of emotional intelligence can contribute to reducing anxiety, improving the ability to cope with stressful situations during academic training. Integrating emotional education into the nursing students' curriculum could be a valuable strategy to strengthen emotional balance in future nursing professionals. Objective The objective of this study was to describe the behavior of emotional variables and the tendency to anxiety among first and final year Nursing Degree students at the Universidad Pontificia Comillas. Methodology Considering the purpose of this study, a comparative descriptive and cross-sectional investigation was carried out among students in the first and fourth years of the Escuela Universitaria de Enfermería y Fisioterapia San Juan de Dios, belonging to the Universidad Pontificia Comillas, during the 2022-2023 academic year. Results The results show differences between the first and fourth years in attention and emotional repair. The results of the non-parametric test showed that there were significant differences between courses in the attention variable (p=0,024) and in the repair variable (p=0,036). The clarity variable did not show significant differences between courses (p=0,170). Furthermore, in first-year students, a correlation is observed between emotional variables and state anxiety. The correlation was significant in the categorized attention variable for both state anxiety (p=0.021) and trait anxiety (p<0.011), with a low correlation between the variables. For the categorized clarity variable, a moderate correlation (p=0.347) was observed between categorized clarity and state anxiety. In the analysis of emotional regulation analyzing categorized repair, a moderate correlation (p=0.430) was observed between emotional repair and state anxiety. Which is not observed in fourth-year students. In fourth-year students, a relationship (p=0,023) is observed between anxious state and anxiety as personality traits. Conclusions The explanation for the differences observed in this study between first and final year students in relation to the studied emotional variables and anxiety could stem from various factors linked to the process of personal maturation and academic adaptation. The average of anxiety variables is higher in nursing students than in the general population. After analyzing emotional variables and the tendency towards anxiety, it is concluded that it is necessary to train emotional management skills to control anxiety and increase emotional intelligence in Nursing Degree students at the Universidad Pontificia Comillas.
Description
Tesis inédita presentada en la Universidad Europea de Madrid. Escuela de Doctorado e Investigación. Programa de Doctorado en Biomedicina y Ciencias de la Salud
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Bibliographic reference
Cuéllar Marín, L. (2024). Análisis de las variables emocionales y la tendencia a la ansiedad: un estudio comparativo entre estudiantes de primer y último curso de Grado en Enfermería en la Universidad Pontificia Comillas. [Tesis doctoral, Universidad Europea de Madrid]. ABACUS Repositorio de Producción Científica. http://hdl.handle.net/11268/13076







