La luz artificial como factor de transformación de la arquitectura. El caso de los grandes almacenes
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Serrano Sáseta, Rafael
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Abstract
La iluminación sistemática del exterior,
primero con el gas y después con los sistemas
eléctricos, se traduce en una verdadera
reconstrucción del espacio público común.
¿Cómo influye la introducción de la luz
artificial en la condición arquitectónica de
determinados ámbitos públicos? El edificio
público iluminado ¿no deviene igualmente
un objeto iluminador en la ciudad? Y si es así
¿cómo transforma esa circunstancia al objeto
edificio como arquitectura? Los edificios
del comercio urbano se aprovechan de esta
circunstancia porque presentan un carácter
extrovertido, proyectado hacia afuera. Uno de
los grandes retos del comercio urbano en sus
orígenes era conquistar la noche. Extender
los horarios más allá de las horas diurnas era
otra medida para aumentar la rentabilidad del
negocio. Los grandes edificios comerciales
están entre los primeros que apuestan por
los sistemas de iluminación artificial a gran
escala. Una buena iluminación es crucial para
la práctica de la venta. La ciudad comienza a
brillar, a iluminarse, sobre todo por sus grandes
almacenes, que se convierten en lugares
privilegiados, lugares de encuentro, lugares
luminosos.
The exterior lighting, first with the gas and then with the electrical systems is a real reconstruction of the common public space. How does the introduction of artificial light influence the architectural condition of certain public areas? Is not the illuminated public building also an illuminating object in the city? If this is so, how does that circumstance transform the building object as architecture? The buildings of the urban commerce take advantage of this circumstance because they present an extrovert character, projected outwards. One of the great challenges of the retail trading in its origins was to conquer the night. Extending the opening of the store beyond the daytime hours was another measure to increase the profitability of the business. The large buildings of retail trading are among the first to opt for large-scale artificial lighting systems. Good lighting is crucial to the practice of selling. The city begins to shine, and begins to light up, especially for its department stores. The department stores become privileged places, meeting places, bright places.
The exterior lighting, first with the gas and then with the electrical systems is a real reconstruction of the common public space. How does the introduction of artificial light influence the architectural condition of certain public areas? Is not the illuminated public building also an illuminating object in the city? If this is so, how does that circumstance transform the building object as architecture? The buildings of the urban commerce take advantage of this circumstance because they present an extrovert character, projected outwards. One of the great challenges of the retail trading in its origins was to conquer the night. Extending the opening of the store beyond the daytime hours was another measure to increase the profitability of the business. The large buildings of retail trading are among the first to opt for large-scale artificial lighting systems. Good lighting is crucial to the practice of selling. The city begins to shine, and begins to light up, especially for its department stores. The department stores become privileged places, meeting places, bright places.
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Serrano Sáseta, R. (2017). La luz artificial como factor de transformación de la arquitectura. El caso de los grandes almacenes. REIA: Revista Europea de Investigación en Arquitectura, (9), 97-116. http://reia.es/REIA09_06_RafaelSerranoSaseta.pdf



