Optimal dose and effectiveness of different types of physical activity to improve blood pressure in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and network meta-analysis

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Álvarez Barbosa, Francisco
Ramos Munell, Javier
Pozo Cruz, Jesús del
Ceballos Sánchez, José Luis

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goal-3

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People with type 2 diabetes have higher rates of hypertension compared to the general population, Current guidelines do not consider the baseline blood pressure for activity prescription. This study aimed to evaluate and compare effects of different physical activity modalities on blood pressure in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus considering baseline blood pressure levels and exploring the dose–response relationship. A systematic search was performed in CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Scopus, SportDiscus and WOS databases to June 2025. A dose–response network meta-analysis of 71 trials (3,970 participants) was conducted. Studies included individuals with type 2 diabetes who underwent any physical activity intervention with reported blood pressure outcomes. Meta-regressions included baseline blood pressure as a covariate

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Álvarez-Barbosa, F., Ramos-Munell, J., Del Pozo-Cruz, J., Del Pozo Cruz, B., Ceballos-Sánchez, J. L., & Gallardo-Gómez, D. (2025). Optimal dose and effectiveness of different types of physical activity to improve blood pressure in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-025-10005-6

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