La narrativa audiovisual en la liberación de los campos de exterminio: el caso de Night Will Fall (André Singer, 2014)
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Abstract
El presente artículo pretende ofrecer un análisis narrativo crítico de Night will fall (André Singer,
2014), la producción del British Film Institute que celebra el setenta aniversario de la liberación
de los campos de concentración y de exterminio. Se trata de un objeto de estudio reciente
y cuya importancia histórica está fuera de toda duda, dado que pretende clarificar las relaciones
que se establecieron en las imágenes tomadas en Bergen-Belsen, Dachau o Auschwitz y la célebre
película propagandística diseñada por Sidney Bernstein y Alfred Hitchcock (abortada por
presiones políticas y cuyo primer montaje, Memory of the camps, se estrenó internacionalmente
en una fecha tan tardía como 1985). Para ello, utilizaremos una metodología heredada directamente
de los estudios de narratología audiovisual en dos campos concretos y muy delimitados:
en primer lugar, el estudio estructural que demostrará que Night will fall está construido en
torno a una división clásica tripartita. En segundo lugar, analizaremos los diferentes niveles
de enunciación (enunciador, meganarrador, relator, mostrador y narradores secundarios). En
esta segunda parte tendremos ocasión de defender cómo el documental estudiado se vale de los viejos rasgos del documental expositivo, utilizando una voice over absolutamente acrítica y
enhebrando los distintos testimonios de militares, supervivientes, técnicos e historiadores para
acabar generando la impresión de una unicidad discursiva.
In our paper, we strive to undertake a specific narrative analysis of Night Will Fall (André Singer, 2014), the British Film Institute production that celebrates the seventieth anniversary of the liberation of the concentration and extermination camps. It is a very recent object of study and its historical importance is beyond question: It strives to clarify the relations between the images taken at Bergen-Belsen, Dachau or Auschwitz (among other important lagers or camps) and the famous unfinished propaganda movie developed by Sidney Bernstein and Alfred Hitchcock. In the analysis, we briefly include the first cut of this material, Memory of the Camps, screened for the first time in 1985. To achieve our goal, we use a methodology based on the traditional studies of audiovisual narratology focusing on two specific aspects: firstly, the analysis of the structure of the film shows how Night will Fall is based on a classical division into three acts: and secondly, we analyse the different levels of enunciation. It will be demonstrated that this new documentary is built on the laws of the classical expository documentary: it uses the classical voiceover without any critical resonances and it uses the different witnesses (members of the army, survivors, audiovisual crew or historians) to show the impression of a clear unity in the discourse.
In our paper, we strive to undertake a specific narrative analysis of Night Will Fall (André Singer, 2014), the British Film Institute production that celebrates the seventieth anniversary of the liberation of the concentration and extermination camps. It is a very recent object of study and its historical importance is beyond question: It strives to clarify the relations between the images taken at Bergen-Belsen, Dachau or Auschwitz (among other important lagers or camps) and the famous unfinished propaganda movie developed by Sidney Bernstein and Alfred Hitchcock. In the analysis, we briefly include the first cut of this material, Memory of the Camps, screened for the first time in 1985. To achieve our goal, we use a methodology based on the traditional studies of audiovisual narratology focusing on two specific aspects: firstly, the analysis of the structure of the film shows how Night will Fall is based on a classical division into three acts: and secondly, we analyse the different levels of enunciation. It will be demonstrated that this new documentary is built on the laws of the classical expository documentary: it uses the classical voiceover without any critical resonances and it uses the different witnesses (members of the army, survivors, audiovisual crew or historians) to show the impression of a clear unity in the discourse.
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Bibliographic reference
Rodríguez Serrano, A. (2015). La narrativa audiovisual en la liberación de los campos de exterminio: el caso de Night Will Fall (André Singer, 2014). Anàlisi, (53), 65-78.





