Rusia en la estrategia de seguridad nacional 2013
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Pardo Sauvageot, Eric
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Abstract
Rusia es un actor relativamente marginal en la política de seguridad española, algo que parece comprensible dada la situación
geográfica relativa de ambos países y los escasos lazos históricos. En ese sentido, parecería razonable que en la Estrategia de
Seguridad Nacional del 2013 Rusia fuese objeto por defecto, del discurso cooperativo que encontramos en las estrategias de la
Unión Europea o la OTAN. Tal condición parece cumplirse tanto en la estrategia del 2011 como la actual del 2013 que aquí
analizamos. Sin embargo, aun siendo justificado el escaso espacio dedicado, no se entienden ni el innecesario endurecimiento en la
estrategia del 2013 ni que no sea capaz de hacer claras aportaciones propias. La estrategia española que se limita a una exposición
por orden jerárquico de cada una de las regiones del mundo, intentando abarcar en exceso y sin que quede claro en último término
cómo se realiza el enlace con los intereses de España y con las amenazas para la estrategia de seguridad nacional, olvida mencionar
en esta estrategia la asociación estratégica bilateral con Rusia ni parece establecer la base para superar meras a iniciativas puntuales
carentes posteriormente de continuidad alguna —como el “Año Dual” de 2011 o la propia declaración de Asociación Estratégica—.
Las carencias muestran cómo no se asume Rusia como uno de los vectores estratégicos a largo plazo de nuestra política exterior y
de seguridad.
Russia is in relative terms, a marginal actor for Spain, a fact which is easily understandable given both the country´s geographic position and its limited historical ties. It seems thus reasonable that the National Security Strategy 2013 does not devote much attention to Russia, and that it adopts both NATO´s and the EU´s cooperative discourse, as found in the strategies by the two organizations. We may state that this condition is achieved both in the strategy of 2011 and in that of 2013 which is analyzed here. However, in spite of finding the limited space devoted to Russia as justified, it is hardly understandable that the latest strategy unnecessarily hardens its stance while it does not introduce any clear proper contribution. The Spanish strategy limits herself to expose in order of importance each of the world regions, trying to span too much and failing to link the strategy with both Spain´s interests and the threats to its national security strategy. Meanwhile, it forgets to mention the bilateral strategic relation with Russia and does not set the basis for overcoming the tendency to restrict Spain-Russia relations to mere punctual initiatives - As the 2011 "Dual Year" or the Strategic Association itself -. The shortcomings show that Russia is not seen as one of the long-term strategic vectors of our foreign and security policy.
Russia is in relative terms, a marginal actor for Spain, a fact which is easily understandable given both the country´s geographic position and its limited historical ties. It seems thus reasonable that the National Security Strategy 2013 does not devote much attention to Russia, and that it adopts both NATO´s and the EU´s cooperative discourse, as found in the strategies by the two organizations. We may state that this condition is achieved both in the strategy of 2011 and in that of 2013 which is analyzed here. However, in spite of finding the limited space devoted to Russia as justified, it is hardly understandable that the latest strategy unnecessarily hardens its stance while it does not introduce any clear proper contribution. The Spanish strategy limits herself to expose in order of importance each of the world regions, trying to span too much and failing to link the strategy with both Spain´s interests and the threats to its national security strategy. Meanwhile, it forgets to mention the bilateral strategic relation with Russia and does not set the basis for overcoming the tendency to restrict Spain-Russia relations to mere punctual initiatives - As the 2011 "Dual Year" or the Strategic Association itself -. The shortcomings show that Russia is not seen as one of the long-term strategic vectors of our foreign and security policy.
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Bibliographic reference
Morales-Hernández, J., y Pardo-Sauvageot, E. (2014). Rusia en la estrategia de seguridad nacional de 2013. UNISCI Discussion Papers, 35, 99-112.







