Exaltación de lo americano en Architectural Forum a finales de los cincuenta: validación de lo europeo y nuevos códigos locales
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Casas Cobo, Francisco Javier
Villanueva Cajide, Beatriz
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Abstract
La década de los 50 del siglo pasado fue
testigo de una profunda revisión crítica de
la arquitectura moderna como consecuencia
de los acontecimientos relacionados con la
Segunda Guerra Mundial.
La emigración forzosa de figuras como
Mies, que ejercerán una gran influencia
en ámbitos académicos y profesionales,
el trabajo de otros arquitectos europeos
o la proliferación de centros de vanguardia
cultural, desencadenan el desplazamiento de la
actividad y el liderazgo intelectual desde una
Europa donde languidecía frente a la necesidad
de una reconstrucción urgente, hasta América,
donde dicha reconstrucción no era necesaria.
Para ello fue indispensable el que algunas
publicaciones de arquitectura americanas
crearan un clima favorable a una arquitectura
moderna importada de Europa, pero entendida
de un modo más amable, despojada del
original componente programático social del
movimiento moderno y de su, en ocasiones,
críptica abstracción y carga intelectual, muy
difíciles de aceptar por el público americano.
Architectural Forum fue una de esas
revistas que ayudaron a la aceptación de una
nueva arquitectura americana que, a partir
de la validación de una arquitectura europea
importada, incorpora códigos propios
del imaginario popular y recupera y exalta
a Wright como la gran figura histórica que
la arquitectura americana necesita.
The decade of the 50s in the last century witnessed a profound critical review of modern architecture as a consequence of the events related to the Second World War. The forced emigration of figures like Mies, who will exert great influence in academic and professional fields, the work of other European architects or the proliferation of avant-garde cultural centres, trigger the displacement of activity and intellectual leadership from a Europe where it was languishing due to the need for urgent reconstruction, to America, where such reconstruction was not necessary. In order to achieve this, it was essential that some American architecture journals created a favourable climate for a modern architecture imported from Europe, but understood in a kinder way, released from the original social programmatic component of the modern movement and its sometimes cryptic abstraction and intellectual side, hard to accept by the American public. Architectural Forum was one of the magazines that enabled the acceptance of a new American architecture that, upon the validation of an imported European architecture, incorporates actual codes from the collective popular imaginary and recovers and exalts Wright as the great historical figure that American architecture needs.
The decade of the 50s in the last century witnessed a profound critical review of modern architecture as a consequence of the events related to the Second World War. The forced emigration of figures like Mies, who will exert great influence in academic and professional fields, the work of other European architects or the proliferation of avant-garde cultural centres, trigger the displacement of activity and intellectual leadership from a Europe where it was languishing due to the need for urgent reconstruction, to America, where such reconstruction was not necessary. In order to achieve this, it was essential that some American architecture journals created a favourable climate for a modern architecture imported from Europe, but understood in a kinder way, released from the original social programmatic component of the modern movement and its sometimes cryptic abstraction and intellectual side, hard to accept by the American public. Architectural Forum was one of the magazines that enabled the acceptance of a new American architecture that, upon the validation of an imported European architecture, incorporates actual codes from the collective popular imaginary and recovers and exalts Wright as the great historical figure that American architecture needs.
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Casas Cobo, F. J., y Villanueva Cajide, B. (2020). Exaltación de lo americano en Architectural Forum a finales de los cincuenta: validación de lo europeo y nuevos códigos locales. REIA: Revista Europea de Investigación en Arquitectura, (16), 31-52. http:/



