Monitoring internal and external load management in female basketball: a narrative review

Abstract

Monitoring load management in female basketball is essential for optimizing performance and minimizing injury risks. This narrative review consolidates current practices and advancements in monitoring both internal and external loads among female basketball players. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases to identify research focusing on load management in female basketball. Methods utilized for monitoring internal loads include heart rate tracking, rate of perceived exertion (RPE), and biochemical markers, while external loads are assessed through GPS tracking, accelerometers, local positioning systems (LPS), and ultra- wideband (UWB) technology. Recent technological advancements, particularly the use of LPS and UWB systems, have significantly enhanced the precision and reliability of load monitoring, providing real-time, accurate data on player movement and performance. These systems complement traditional methods, offering valuable insights into the physical demands and well-being of athletes. Integrating both internal and external load monitoring is vital for developing tailored training programs that optimize player performance and reduce injury risks. Future research should focus on standardizing protocols and exploring novel technologies to further enhance load management strategies in elite women’s basketball