Carreño Carreño, JavierGómez Moreno, GerardoAguilar Salvatierra, AntonioMartínez Corriá, RamónMenéndez López-Mateos, María LuisaMenéndez Núñez, Mario2021-06-082021-06-082018Carreño Carreño, J., Gómez-Moreno, G., Aguilar-Salvatierra, A., Martínez Corriá, R., Menéndez López-Mateos, M. L., & Menéndez-Núñez, M. (2018). The antibiotic of choice determined by antibiogram in maxillary sinus elevation surgery: A clinical study. Clinical Oral Implants Research, 29(11), 1070–1076. https://doi.org/10.1111/clr.128350905-71611600-0501http://hdl.handle.net/11268/10102Objectives: This study set out to make antibiograms of positive bacteria cultures in samples collected when performing maxillary sinus elevations to determine a specific and effective antibiotic in each case. Material and methods: A total of 174 patients (90 women and 84 men) with a mean age of 55.92 years underwent 227 sinus elevations. As the membrane was lifted, a sample was collected from the maxillary sinus floor with a cotton swab and placed on a blood agar and chocolate agar culture to incubate for 48 h at 37°; the samples then underwent microbiological analysis. Antibiograms were made for each positive culture to identify the most sensitive antibiotic, which were regrouped according to their mechanism of action as: beta-lactam (penicillins), beta-lactam (cephalosporins), macrolides, quinolones, fosfomycin, aminoglycosides, or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Results: Of 227 cultures, 18.1% were bacteria-positive. Of the germs, 45% were of the Streptococcus genus, most of which belonged to the Streptococcus viridans group (61.1%). The germs studied showed greater resistance to macrolides and greater sensitivity to penicillins, cephalosporins, and ciprofloxacin. The antibiotics that showed the greatest efficacy were as follows: ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, and ciprofloxacin. Conclusions: On the basis of antibiograms of positive cultures, the antibiotics presenting the greatest efficacy against possible complications were as follows: ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, and ciprofloxacin. Clinically, the antibiograms proved useful as they allowed the prescription of specific antibiotics to resolve possible postoperative sinus infections.engAntibacterianosjournal article10.1111/clr.12835restricted accessOdontologíaFarmacología