España Pamplona, PilarGentile, DavideCurto Aguilera, AdrianAiuto, RiccardoAdobes Martin, MilagrosGarcovich, Daniele2026-04-192026-04-192026España-Pamplona, P., Gentile, D., Curto-Aguilera, A., Aiuto, R., Adobes-Martin, M., & Garcovich, D. (2026). Dimensional accuracy and short-term stability of orthodontic resin-printed models: A closed dental system compared with commercial desktop workflows. Dentistry Journal, 14(4), 220. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj140402202304-6767https://hdl.handle.net/11268/17034Background/Objectives: Resin 3D printing is widely used to fabricate orthodontic diagnos- tic models, but the practical performance of commercial desktop workflows compared to dental-certified workflows is still debated. This study compared the dimensional accuracy and 7-day stability of maxillary orthodontic models printed from the same master STL file using a dental-certified workflow versus two commercial desktop workflows. Methods: An ISO 20896-1:2019-based reference cast with four 6 mm calibration spheres was used to generate a master STL file. Fifteen models were printed (n = 5 per workflow) using PrimeprintTM (dental-certified workflow) and two commercial desktop printers (Anycubic Photon Mono M5s; Phrozen Sonic Mighty 14K REVO). The models were digitized at base- line (T0, ≤48 h) and after 7 days (T7) using a laboratory scanner. Surface superimposition in CloudCompare® calculated the RMS (root mean square) surface deviation and mean signed deviation, and two calibrated operators performed independent extractions. Results: The mean RMS deviations were <0.10 mm for all workflows at both time points. No between- workflow differences were detected at T0 (H = 2.000; p = 0.368) or T7 (H = 1.520; p = 0.468), no within-workflow T0–T7 changes were significant (all p > 0.05), and the inter-operator agreement was excellent (ICC 0.991–0.999). Conclusions: Under the tested workflows, dental-certified and commercial desktop resin printing produced orthodontic models with a comparable global surface accuracy and short-term dimensional stability.engAttribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/SaludOrtodonciajournal article10.3390/dj14040220open accessOdontologíaTecnología médicaIngeniería de la producciónGoal 3: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all agesGoal 9: Build resilient infrastructure, promote sustainable industrialization and foster innovation