Pedro Ferreira, JoãoAnker, Stefan D.Palmer, Biff F.Pitt, BertramRossing, PeterRuilope Urioste, Luis MiguelWanner, ChristophFarag, Youssef M.Horvat Broecker, AndreaFilippatos, GerasimosEt al.2026-07-252026-07-252025Ferreira, J. P., Anker, S. D., Palmer, B. F., Pitt, B., Rossing, P., Ruilope, L. M., Wanner, C., Farag, Y. M. K., Horvat-Broecker, A., Lambelet, M., Brinker, M., Rohwedder, K., & Filippatos, G. (2025). Incident hyperkalaemia risk model in chronic kidney disease and diabetes: The FIDELITY programme. European Heart Journal, ehaf258. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaf258https://hdl.handle.net/11268/17321Background and aims: No tools are available for identifying patients with chronic kidney disease and Type 2 diabetes at high risk of hyperkalaemia. Using the FIDELITY pooled patient data set, a risk model for incident hyperkalaemia was developed and validated. Methods: The primary outcome was new-onset hyperkalaemia (serum potassium >5.5 mmol/L). Data from the placebo arm were used for derivation and from the finerenone arm for validation. An integer risk score was built and divided into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk hyperkalaemia categories. Assessed efficacy outcomes included cardiovascular and kidney composites. Results: Seven baseline covariates (serum potassium >4.5 mmol/L, prior history of hyperkalaemia, no sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor use, urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio >1000 mg/g, haemoglobin <12 g/dL, no thiazide-type diuretic use, and estimated glomerular filtration rate <45 mL/min/1.73 m2) were independently associated with new-onset hyperkalaemia and used for building the integer risk model. The risk scores for derivation and validation were accurate and well calibrated. The derived integer score ranged from 0 to 12 points. The risk of new-onset hyperkalaemia increased across hyperkalaemia risk categories with 2.7, 7.0, and 16.7% of patients reporting a hyperkalaemia event in the low-risk (0-3 points), intermediate-risk (4-6 points), and high-risk (7-12 points) groups with placebo, respectively. Irrespective of hyperkalaemia risk, finerenone reduced cardiovascular and kidney events vs placebo. Conclusions: This integer risk score for new-onset hyperkalaemia in patients with chronic kidney disease and Type 2 diabetes could facilitate tailored treatment strategies and mitigate hyperkalaemia in high-risk patients.engAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/SaludNefrologíaDiabetesjournal articleopen accessMedicina clínicaEnfermedad cardiovascularFarmacologíaGoal 3: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages