Estornut Navarro, CristinaClark Utvik, Ulrikke PaulineFlacco, NiclaRibera, PilarSánchez Herrera, GermánPérez Leal, Martín2026-06-182026-06-182026Estornut, C., Clark-Utvik, U. P., Flacco, N., Ribera, P., Sánchez-Herrera, G., & Pérez-Leal, M. (2026). Compartment-specific oxidative stress signatures in oral leukoplakia: A systematic review of local and systemic biomarkers. Frontiers in Physiology, 17, 1851447. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2026.18514471664-042Xhttps://hdl.handle.net/11268/17172Oral leukoplakia (OLK) is one of the most common potentially malignant disorders of the oral mucosa. Oxidative stress is increasingly recognized as a key factor in its pathogenesis and malignant transformation, but the consistency of biomarker alterations across biological compartments remains unclear. The available evidence supports a consistent redox imbalance in OLK characterized by increased oxidative damage and impaired systemic antioxidant defenses. Salivary and serum biomarkers, particularly MDA and 8-OHdG, show promise as non-invasive indicators of oxidative stress and disease progression. However, methodological heterogeneity and small sample sizes limit clinical translation. Standardized protocols and longitudinal studies are needed to validate these biomarkers.engAttribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Biocienciasjournal article10.3389/fphys.2026.1851447open accessCiencias médicasFisiología humanaCáncerGoal 3: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all agesGoal 9: Build resilient infrastructure, promote sustainable industrialization and foster innovationGoal 12: Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns