Arrazola Sastre, AlazneLuque Montoro, MiriamGálvez Martín, PatriciaLacerda, Hadriano M.Lucía Mulas, AlejandroLlavero Bernal, FranciscoZugaza, José Luis2020-10-162020-10-162020Arrazola Sastre, A., Luque Montoro, M., Gálvez-Martín, P., Lacerda, H. M., Lucía Mulas, A., Llavero, F., & Zugaza, J. L. (2020). Small GTPases of the Ras and Rho Families Switch on/off Signaling Pathways in Neurodegenerative Diseases. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(17), 6312. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms211763121422-00671661-6596http://hdl.handle.net/11268/9152Small guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) of the Ras superfamily are key regulators of many key cellular events such as proliferation, differentiation, cell cycle regulation, migration, or apoptosis. To control these biological responses, GTPases activity is regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), GTPase activating proteins (GAPs), and in some small GTPases also guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs). Moreover, small GTPases transduce signals by their downstream effector molecules. Many studies demonstrate that small GTPases of the Ras family are involved in neurodegeneration processes. Here, in this review, we focus on the signaling pathways controlled by these small protein superfamilies that culminate in neurodegenerative pathologies, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Specifically, we concentrate on the two most studied families of the Ras superfamily: the Ras and Rho families. We summarize the latest findings of small GTPases of the Ras and Rho families in neurodegeneration in order to highlight these small proteins as potential therapeutic targets capable of slowing down different neurodegenerative diseases.engAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/journal article10.3390/ijms21176312open accessGenética humanaBiotecnologíaEnfermedades neurodegenerativasGenética humanaBiotecnologíaEnfermedad del sistema nervioso