Santos Lozano, AlejandroTorres Barrán, AlbertoFernández Navarro, PabloValenzuela Ruiz, Pedro LuisCastillo García, AdriánRuilope Urioste, Luis MiguelRíos Insua, DavidOrdovás Muñoz, José MaríaLey, VictoriaLucía Mulas, Alejandro2021-05-172021-05-172021Santos Lozano, A., Torres Barrán, A., Fernández Navarro, P., Valenzuela, P. L., Castillo García, A., Ruilope Uriuste, L. M., Ríos, D., Ordovás, J. M., Ley, V., & Lucía Mulas, A. (2021). Association between physical activity and cardiovascular risk factors: Dose and sex matter. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 10(5), 604-606. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2021.03.0022213-29612095-2546http://hdl.handle.net/11268/10052Objective We studied the association between different levels of physical activity (PA) and major cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in adult people, as well as sex-specific differences. Methods Medical data from a large Spanish cohort of workers (aged 18-64 years) were prospectively obtained during a five-year period. Participants were categorized attending to their self-reported PA levels as inactive (performing neither moderate nor vigorous-intensity PA), or either regularly or insufficiently active (meeting or not, respectively, international recommendations of PA [≥ 150 or ≥ 75 min/week of moderate or vigorous-intensity PA, respectively, or a combination thereof]), and risk of diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and obesity was assessed. Results Data from 527,662 participants (32% women) were used for analysis. 63.5, 12.3, and 24.2 % of the participants were inactive, insufficiently active, and regularly active, respectively. A significantly lower likelihood of all CVD risk factors was found in both regularly active (by 42 to 10%) and – although less remarkable – insufficiently active individuals (by 30 to 9%) vs their inactive referents. Although these results were overall corroborated in sex-specific analyses, a PA dose-dependent association was not observed for hypercholesterolemia in men and PA – whether insufficient or regular – conferred no significant protective effect against obesity in women. Conclusions Our findings suggest that PA reduces the odds of major CVD risk factors in a dose-response manner but there are some sex-specific differences.engAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/HipercolesterolemiaObesidadDiabetes insípidajournal article10.1016/j.jshs.2021.03.002open accessDeporteEnfermedad cardiovascularSexo